Swimming/Rules

Training Rules

9 rules (5 hard, 4 soft)

Evidence-based constraints that guide workout generation. Hard rules are never broken; soft rules can be adjusted for experienced athletes.

Technique

Hard

Every session must include dedicated technique/drill work

Swimming efficiency is technique-dependent; continuous reinforcement required

Exception: Race simulation or test sets

Soft

Minimum 20% of session should be drills for technique improvers

Drilling ingrains correct movement patterns

Exception: Advanced swimmers with established technique

Volume

Soft

Track volume in meters/yards, not time

Distance is the meaningful metric; same time can mean very different workloads

Hard

Weekly volume increase should not exceed 10%

Shoulder overuse is the primary swimming injury

Exception: Returning from planned rest

Safety

Hard

No high-intensity work without 400m+ warmup

Shoulders are vulnerable; warmup prevents injury

Recovery

Soft

Include non-freestyle strokes for shoulder balance

Varied strokes prevent overuse patterns

Exception: Triathlon-specific blocks

Intensity

Hard

Sprint sets require full recovery (1:3 to 1:4 work:rest ratio)

Incomplete recovery compromises power and technique

Soft

CSS (Critical Swim Speed) test every 4-6 weeks during build

Threshold changes; zones should be updated

Exception: Maintenance phase

Hard

Maximum 4 quality sessions (threshold/sprint sets) per week

Swimming is lower impact but shoulder stress accumulates

Exception: Peak phase, experienced swimmers only